-GRAPE SEED EXTRACT (GSE) is a rich source of bioflavonoids known as PROCYANIDINS
-inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human PCa cells both in culture and “nude mice”
-causes apoptosis in DU145 human prostate androgen independent cell line. “via caspases activation by dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome C release”
-oral GSE inhibits prostate tumor growth and progression in “TRAMP” mice
-mice supplemented with GSE had up to 65 fewer skin cancer tumors than control mice
-increases a critical protein, Cip1/p21 that effectively freezes the tumor cell cycle and can cause apoptosis. The amount of Cip1/p21 within the cells increased 150x after 12hrs of treatment, the longer it was used the more cells were frozen before they had a chance to divide.
-92% of cells died in one cell line when the highest dose was given for the longest time (two days).
-no toxic side effect in treated mice despite high doses.
-inhibits growth of PC3 cells
-kills laboratory leukemia cells by apoptosis
-is active in a number of human cancer cell lines: skin, breast, colon, lung, stomach and prostate
-results showed dose and time dependent increase in apoptosis
-does not affect normal cells
-found that it activated “JNK” which led to the upregulation of Cip/p21. Finding was double checked when an agent was used that blocked JNK with the result that GSE didnt work
-contains LINOLEIC ACID, FLAVONOIDS, OLIGOMERIC PROANTHOCYANIDINS, RESVERATROL,GALLIC ACID
-44% decrease in tumor volume per mouse after 8 weeks treatment (colorectal cancer)
-LINOLEIC ACID and OLEIC ACID (olive oil) together compose nearly 90% of the oil in GRAPE SEED
-a lab cell line of PCa (DU 145) was subjected to GRAPE SEED washes and compared to baseline, 16% more died when treated with GS than compared to the 2.4% of the control group.
-similar study done with breast cancer showed similar results.
-GALLIC ACID exhibits anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-tumorigenic effects in xenograft growth in “nude mice” in a dose dependent manner vs DU145 and 22Rv1 cell lines
-inhibits advanced human prostate tumor growth and angiogenesis in athymic nude mice implanted with DU145 cells.
-inhibits NF-kappaB pathway in DU 145 cells
detailed reviews of pertinent studies to come later.
Grape skins, grape seeds, juice, wine, and a whole list of phytonutrients, can one not wonder how it is that some plants and fruits and spices and herbs have been with us for millennia? Did they help us survive or did we adjust ourselves to them? Or both? This research raises many questions in my mind. I’m glad I am able to ask them, if not find an answer.
cheers!
mm
–
thousandfeathers 